La literacidad crítico-reflexiva en la enseñanza de la escritura académica en la facultad de lenguas

La guía en la escritura se da desde los niveles iniciales de la educación, pero, quizá debido a deficiencias en el sistema de enseñanza, ésta no alcanza eficientemente su objetivo y propicia que, aunado diversos factores en el desarrollo de la comunicación, se den casos de “analfabetismo” en niveles superiores, es decir, la deficiencia para leer y escribir de acuerdo con normas estandarizadas en las áreas del conocimiento y con las reglas de la lengua. Los investigadores en el áre

The territorial property of the Taratara savannas in the configuration of the indigenous villages of Carrizal and Guaibacoa. The Colony

Los anales del proceso colonizador europeo en tierras venezolanas han quedado marcados de forma significativa a partir del otorgamiento y titularidad de tierras a particulares. Los extensos ejidos de la ciudad de Coro fueron compuestos por la élite económica, que a su vez gozaba del beneficio de cargos políticos influyentes. Una de las primeras negociaciones, de finales del siglo xvi, cita las sabanas de Taratara. Su ubicación estratégica logra consolidar el proyecto de resguardo militar de las costas tras la fundación de los pueblos de doctrina de El Carrizal y Guaibacoa, impulsado por el presbítero don Pedro Sangronis y los hermanos de la Colina y Peredo en 1723. La compilación de documentos sobre la tradición territorial de estas sabanas ofrece algunos datos acerca de la evolución de los pueblos fundados y el proceso separatista que cierra el periodo colonial (1812) con la partición de la unidad territorial de la comunidad indígena de El Carrizal - GuaibacoaThe annals of the European colonization process in Venezuelan lands is marked significantly from the granting and ownership of land to individuals. The extensive common lands of the city of Coro were composed by the economic elite that, in turn, was benefitted by influential political figures. One of the first negotiations, at the end of the 16th century, quotes the Taratara savannas, whose strategic location manages to consolidate the project of military defense of the coasts after the foundation of the doctrine villages of El Carrizal and Guaibacoa, promoted in 1723 by the priest don Pedro Sangronis, and the brothers of Colina and Peredo. The information compiled about the territorial tradition of these savannas offers data on the evolution of the newly created towns and the separatist process that closes the Colonial period (1812) with the partition of the territorial unit of the Carrizal-Guaibacoa indigenous communit

Harnessing synthetic gauge fields for maximally entangled state generation

We study the generation of entanglement between two species of neutral cold atoms living on an optical ring lattice, where each group of particles can be described by a $d$-dimensional Hilbert space (qu$d$it). Synthetic magnetic fields are exploited to create an entangled state between the pair of qu$d$its. Maximally entangled eigenstates are found for well defined values of the Aharonov-Bohm phase, which are zero energy eigenstates of both the kinetic and interacting parts of the Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian, making them quite exceptional and robust against certain non-perturbative fluctuations of the Hamiltonian. We propose a protocol to reach the maximally entangled state (MES) by starting from an initially prepared ground state. Also, an indirect method to detect the MES by measuring the current of the particles is proposed.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure

Examining The Association Between Personality and Alcohol Use Among Mexican Americans: Acculturation and Gender as Moderators

In this study the moderating effects of gender and acculturation on the association between personality traits and alcohol use among Mexican American adults were examined. Participants for this study were undergraduate students from a university in the southwestern USA (N=572, 94.5% Hispanic, 72.6% female). The sample completed self-report measures of personality, alcohol use, and acculturation. When using, regression analyses, alcohol use was found to be weakly yet negatively associated with Conscientiousness, weakly yet positively with Neuroticism, and statistically unrelated to Extroversion. The moderation hypotheses were not supported when utilizing a multiple regression analyses. However, a post-hoc analysis of variance involving only those participants with the highest and lowest scores in integration revealed statistically significant moderating effects for gender. Only females high in integration and low marginalization appeared to report lower alcohol use, confirming past studies. Implications of results are discussed

Las Sociedades de Amigos del País y su impacto social y político en la España del siglo XVIII

Este trabajo pretende ser una revisión bibliográfica de las Sociedades de Amigos del País, su impacto social y político en el Siglo XVIII. Esta institución fue clave para la reunión de los ilustrados, tanto nobles como eclesiásticos, y la difusión de sus ideas causando un cambio de mentalidad que favoreció un impulso de la economía española de finales del siglo XVIII. Esta iniciativa, apoyada por el monarca Carlos III y desarrollada por el Conde de Campomanes, supuso una transformación para la época favoreciendo la difusión de la Ilustración en España, a través de la educación. Las Sociedades Económicas de Amigos del País fueron un lugar de intercambio de ideas y, en definitiva, un motor del desarrollo económico.This project is a bibliographic summary of the Societies of Friends of the Country at the eighteenth century, as well as its social and political impact, through the study of bibliographical sources. This institution was essential for the meeting the enlightened social groups, the noble and the ecclesiastical world, and for the spread of the enlightened ideas in Spain; causing a mentality change which helped the Spanish economic growth at the end of XVIII century. This initiative supported by King Charles III and developed by the Earl of Campomanes, provoked a transformation which helped to transmit the enlightenment in Spain. The Economic Societies of Friends of the Country were think-tanks, and definitely, drivers of the economic growth

La necesidad o no de someter al Congreso Nacional los acuerdos con el Fondo Monetario Internacional

Miguel E. Reyes Sánchez (biografía): Abogado y escritor dominicano. Nació en Santo Domingo en 1966. Realizó su licenciatura en Derecho en la Universidad Nacional Pedro Henríquez Ureña. Luego realizó un máster en estudios diplomáticos y relaciones internacionales en la Universidad Católica Santo Domingo, así como, posteriormente, un máster en Unión Europea en la Fundación Centro Europeo Pallas Athene en Barcelona, España. Pero, además, ha realizado variados estudios especializados en relaciones internacionales, derecho bancario e integración económica en centros de estudios ubicados en países como Estados Unidos, Inglaterra, España, México, Uruguay, Chile y la República Popular China. Como profesor, ha impartido docencia en la UNPHU, en la Maestría de Estudios Diplomáticos y Relaciones Internacionales de la Universidad Católica Santo Domingo y en la Escuela Diplomática y Consular de la Secretaría de Estado de Relaciones Exteriores, entre otras instituciones. Las materias que ha enseñado son Régimen Jurídico de la Moneda y la Banca, Contratos Bancarios, Derecho Comercial, Derecho Civil y Derecho Fiscal de los Negocios, Dinámica de la Política Exterior, Derecho Diplomático, Inmunidades y Privilegios y Régimen Jurídico de los Agentes Diplomáticos y Consulares. También ha sido reconocido como “Profesor Emérito e Investigador Huésped” en el Instituto de Estudios Latinoamericanos de la Universidad de Estocolmo, Suecia; y ha sido profesor invitado a las conferencias sobre relaciones internacionales del Wilton Park Conference, en West Sussex, Inglaterra. Ha trabajado en diversos puestos en la Secretaría de Estado de Relaciones Exteriores, en la Consultoría Jurídica del Poder Ejecutivo, en el Banco Central y en la Superintendencia de Bancos. Hasta el momento ha publicado unas 20 obras, entre las que cabe destacar: Siluetas de recuerdos, En el laberinto de las palabras, Estudios jurídicos bancarios, Travesías de un navegante, La creación literaria en el siglo XX, Las nuevas fichas del tablero internacional, y Océanos de tinta y papel (Premio Nacional Feria del Libro Eduardo León Jimenes 2012).Ante la disyuntiva de someter o no al Congreso Nacional los acuerdos con el Fondo Monetario Internacional, el autor de este trabajo responde que no es necesario, ya que las operaciones realizadas con el FMI no son realmente empréstitos, sino acuerdos de derechos de giro por los que el FMI entrega al país moneda o divisa fuerte a cambio de su moneda nacional, con el compromiso posterior del país –una vez su balanza de pagos mejore- de recomprar los valores en moneda nacional entregados al FMI. Alega, además, el autor que dicha operación se realiza al amparo de un convenio internacional ya aprobado por el Congreso Nacional: el convenio constitutivo del Fondo Monetario Internacional y sus enmiendas

Helping the Helpers: Altruism As A Rational Choice of Donors to A Students Voluntary Organization

Altruism, understood as the individual disposition to sacrifice personal income to improve someone else´s income can be a rational choice strategy which responds to different motivations, incentives and institutions, in a consistent way with the donor´s optimization logic. In this article we extend the Andreoni and Miller´s experimental design (2002) using a modified Dictator game and we applied it to 470 students from several universities and different majors, years of study and level of income who can donate part of their income to the Bella Flor Foundation (http://www.bellaflor.org/), a real nonprofit organization founded by a group of college students whose mission is to promote the integral development of the children from Bella Flor, Paraíso and Mirador neighborhoods through social activities in education, health care, recreation, and exalting human values". We test the consistency of the player´s decisions with the axioms of revealed preferences, and with the effects of relative prices and income. We also evaluate the violation of consistency of the axioms and estimate the demand functions for altruism towards this charity, with policy implications related to the optimal design for fundraising strategies. Our results confirm that a significant fraction of individuals show consistent decisions, i.e. that donations to these charities behave as "normal goods" in price and income effects and with rather small number of violations of the axioms of revealed preferences. However, the experimental data suggests that revealing the identity of the donor can decrease altruism and induce more violations of the axioms of consistent behavior mentioned."altruism, experimental economics, consistency, GARP, Charity, dictator game, Bella Flor.

Sublethal concentrations of waterborne copper induce cellular stress and cell death in zebrafish embryos and larvae

http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602011000100002&lng=es&nrm=isoCopper is an essential ion that forms part of the active sites of many proteins. At the same time, an excess of this metal produces free radicals that are toxic for cells and organisms. Fish have been used extensively to study the effects of metals, including copper, present in food or the environment. It has been shown that different metals induce different adaptive responses in adult fish. However, until now, scant information has been available about the responses that are induced by waterborne copper during early life stages of fish. Here, acute toxicity tests and LC50 curves have been generated for zebrafish larvae exposed to dissolved copper sulphate at different concentrations and for different treatment times. We determined that the larvae incorporate and accumulate copper present in the medium in a concentration-dependent manner, resulting in changes in gene expression. Using a transgenic fish line that expresses enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the hsp70 promoter, we monitored tissue-specific stress responses to waterborne copper by following expression of the reporter. Furthermore, TUNEL assays revealed which tissues are more susceptible to cell death after exposure to copper. Our results establish a framework for the analysis of whole-organism management of excess external copper in developing aquatic animals

Contribution to the Experimental Characterization and 1-D Modelling of Turbochargers for IC Engines

At the end of the 19th Century, the invention of the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) marked the beginning of our current lifestyle. Soon after the first ICE patent, the importance of increasing air pressure upstream the engine cylinders was revealed. At the beginning of the 20th Century turbo-machinery developments (which had started time before), met the ICE what represented the beginning of turbocharged engines. Since that time, the working principle has not fundamentally changed. Nevertheless, stringent emissions standards and oil depletion have motivated engine developments; among them, turbocharging coupled with downsized engines has emerged as the most feasible way to increase specific power while reducing fuel consumption. Turbocharging has been traditionally a complex problem due to the high rotational speeds, high temperature differences between working fluids (exhaust gases, compressed air, lubricating oil and cooling liquid) and pulsating flow conditions. To improve current computational models, a new procedure for turbochargers characterization and modelling has been presented in this Thesis. That model divides turbocharger modelling complex problem into several sub-models for each of the nonrecurring phenomenon; i.e. heat transfer phenomena, friction losses and acoustic non-linear models for compressor and turbine. A series of ad-hoc experiments have been designed to aid identifying and isolating each phenomenon from the others. Each chapter of this Thesis has been dedicated to analyse that complex problem proposing different sub-models. First of all, an exhaustive literature review of the existing turbocharger models has been performed. Then a turbocharger 1-D internal Heat Transfer Model (HTM) has been developed. Later geometrical models for compressor and turbine have been proposed to account for acoustic effects. A physically based methodology to extrapolate turbine performance maps has been developed too. That model improves turbocharged engine prediction since turbine instantaneous behaviour moves far from the narrow operative range provided in manufacturer maps. Once each separated model has been developed and validated, a series of tests considering all phenomena combined have been performed. Those tests have been designed to check model accuracy under likely operative conditions. The main contributions of this Thesis are the development of a 1-D heat transfer model to account for internal heat fluxes of automotive turbochargers; the development of a physically-based turbine extrapolation methodology; the several tests campaigns that have been necessary to study each phenomenon isolated from others and the integration of experiments and models in a comprehensive characterization procedure designed to provide 1-D predictive turbocharger models for ICE calculation.Reyes Belmonte, MÁ. (2013). Contribution to the Experimental Characterization and 1-D Modelling of Turbochargers for IC Engines [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/34777TESI